Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua (Linnaeus, 1758), is one of the most popular food fish in the western world. The Atlantic cod is longer-lived and larger than its Pacific counterpart, and may reach 25 years in age, 200 centimeters in length, and 96 kilograms in mass. (Most Atlantic cod, however, weigh closer to about 30 kilograms.)

Cod has been an important economic commodity in an international market since the Viking period (around 800 AD). Norwegians used dried cod during their travels and soon a dried cod market developed in southern Europe. This market has lasted for more than 1000 years, passing through periods of Black Death, wars and other crises and still is an important Norwegian fish trade.[2] The Portuguese since the 15th century have been fishing cod in the North Atlantic and clipfish is widely eaten and appreciated in Portugal. The Basques also played an important role in the cod trade and are believed to have found the Canadian fishing banks before the Colombus' discovery of America. The North American east coast developed in part due to the vast amount of cod, and many cities in the New England area spawned near cod fishing grounds.

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